Long time ago in West Java, lived a beautiful girl named Dayang Sumbi. She was also smart and clever. Her beauty and intelligence made a prince from the heavenly kingdom of Kahyangan desire her as his wife. The prince asked permission from his father to marry Dayang Sumbi. People from Kahyangan could never live side by side with humans, but his father approved on one condition, when they had a child, the prince would transform into a dog. The prince accepted the condition.
They get married and lived happily in the woods until Dayang Sumbi gave birth to a baby boy. The prince then changed into a dog named Tumang. Their son is named Sangkuriang. He was very smart and handsome like his father. Everyday, he hunted animals and looked for fruits to eat. One day, when he was hunting, Sangkuriang accidentally killed Tumang. His arrow missed the deer he was targeting and hit Tumang instead. He went home and tells her mother about the dog. “What?” Dayang Sumbi was appalled. Driven by sadness and anger, she grabbed a weaving tool and hit Sangkuriang’s head with it. Dayang Sumbi was so sad; she didn’t pay any attention to Sangkuriang and started to cry.
Sangkuriang feel sad and also confused. How can his mother love a dog more than him? Sangkuriang then decided to go away from their home and went on a journey. In the morning, Dayang Sumbi finally stopped crying. She started to feel better, so she went to find Sangkuriang. But her son was no where to be found. She looked everywhere but still couldn’t find him. Finally, she went home with nothing. She was exhausted. She fell asleep, and in her dream, she meets her husband. “Dayang Sumbi, don’t be sad. Go look for my body in the woods and get the heart. Soak it with water, and use the water to bathe, and you will look young forever,” said the prince in her dream. After bathing with the water used to soak the dog’s heart, Dayang Sumbi looked more beautiful and even younger.
And time passed by. Sangkuriang on his journey stopped at a village and met and fell in love with a beautiful girl.He didn’t realize that the village was his homeland and the beautiful girl was his own mother, Dayang Sumbi. Their love grew naturally and he asked the girl to marry him. One day, Sangkuriang was going on a hunt. He asked Dayang Sumbi to fix the turban on his head. Dayang Sumbi was startled when she saw a scar on his head at the same place where she, years ago, hit Sangkuriang on the head.
After the young man left, Dayang Sumbi prayed for guidance. After praying, she became convinced that the young man was indeed her missing son. She realized that she had to do something to prevent Sangkuriang from marrying her. But she did not wish to disappoint him by cancelling the wedding. So, although she agreed to marry Sangkuriang, she would do so only on the condition that he provides her with a lake and built a beautiful boat, all in one night.
Sangkuriang accepted this condition without a doubt. He had spent his youth studying magical arts. After the sun went down, Sangkuriang went to the hill. Then he called a group of genie to build a dam around Citarum River. Then, he commands the genies to cut down trees and build a boat. A few moments before dawn, Sangkuriang and his genie servants almost finished the boat.
Dayang Sumbi, who had been spying on him, realised that Sangkuriang would fulfill the condition she had set. Dayang Sumbi immediately woke all the women in the village and asked them to wave a long red scarf. All the women in the village were waving red scarf, making it look as if dawn was breaking. Deceived by false dawn, the cock crowed and farmers rose for the new day.
Sangkuriang’s genie servants immediately dropped their work and ran for cover from the sun, which they feared. Sangkuriang grew furious. With all his anger, he kicked the unfinished boat. The boat flew and landed on a valley. The boat then became a mountain, called Mount Tangkuban Perahu (Tangkuban means upturned or upside down, and Perahu means boat). With his power, he destroyed the dam. The water drained from the lake becoming a wide plain and nowadays became a city called Bandung (from the word Bendung, which means Dam).
Jumat, 15 April 2011
Kamis, 14 April 2011
Latihan Soal
Latihan 1
1.A : Do You know my brother?
B : No, I don’t (I don’t know your brother)
2.A : Is Jane eats lunch at cafeteria every day?
B : Yes, She is (Jane eats lunch at the cafeteria every day.)
3.A : Does That pen belong to you?
B : No, it doesn’t ( That pen doesn’t belong to me.)
4.A : Did The students in that class spea English well?
B : Yes, They did (The students in this class speak English well.)
5.A : Did You sleep well last night?
B : Yes, I did (I slept well last night.)
6.A : Did Ann and Jim come to class yesterday?
B : No, They didn’t (Ann and Jim didn’t come to class yesterday.)
7.A : Are you studying your grammar book?
B : Yes, I am (I’m studying my grammar book.)
8.A : Are The children watching TV?
B : No, They aren’t (The children aren’t watching TV.)
9.A : Is Tim Wilson in your astronomy class?
B : Yes, He is (Tim Wilson is in my astronomy class.)
10.A : Was it foggy yesterday?
B : No, It wasn’t (It wasn’t foggy yesterday.)
11.A : Will you be at home tonight?
B : No, I won’t ( I won’t be at home tonight.)
12.A : Is Jason going to be at work tomorrow?
B : No, He isn’t (Jason isn’t going to be at work tomorrow.)
Latihan 5
1.A : Where / What time did you get up this morning?
B : At 7:30. (I got up at 7:30 this morning.)
2.A : Where did you eat lunch today?
B : At the cafetaria. (I ate lunch at tge cafeteria today.)
3.A : When / What time you eat lunch?
B : At 12:15. (I ate lunch at 12:15.)
4.A : Why are you eat lunch at the cafeteria?
B : Because the food is good. (I eat lunch at the cafeteria because the food is good.)
5.A : Where did your Aunt and Uncle live?
B : In Chicago. (My aunt and uncle live n Chicago.)
6.A : When are you going to visit your aunt and uncle?
B : Next week. (I’m going to visit my aunt and uncle next week.)
7.A : What time will you get home tonight ?
B : Around six. (I’ll get home around six tonight.)
8.A : Where will george going to study tonight?
B : At the library. (George is going to study at the library tonight.)
9.A : Why George studies at the library ?
B : Because it’s quiet. (George studies at the library because it’s quiet.)
10.A : Where can catch a bus ?
B : At that corner. (You can catch a bus at that corner.)
11.A : When / What time you have to leave ?
B : Ten O’clock. (I have to leave at ten o’clock.)
12.A : Where was you live in 1988 ?
B : In Japan. (I was living in Japan in 1988.)
Nama Kelompok :
1. Ellyana Utami 19210379
2. Elza Jelita 12210357
3. Citra Restu Anggari 11210618
Kelas :
1EA05
1.A : Do You know my brother?
B : No, I don’t (I don’t know your brother)
2.A : Is Jane eats lunch at cafeteria every day?
B : Yes, She is (Jane eats lunch at the cafeteria every day.)
3.A : Does That pen belong to you?
B : No, it doesn’t ( That pen doesn’t belong to me.)
4.A : Did The students in that class spea English well?
B : Yes, They did (The students in this class speak English well.)
5.A : Did You sleep well last night?
B : Yes, I did (I slept well last night.)
6.A : Did Ann and Jim come to class yesterday?
B : No, They didn’t (Ann and Jim didn’t come to class yesterday.)
7.A : Are you studying your grammar book?
B : Yes, I am (I’m studying my grammar book.)
8.A : Are The children watching TV?
B : No, They aren’t (The children aren’t watching TV.)
9.A : Is Tim Wilson in your astronomy class?
B : Yes, He is (Tim Wilson is in my astronomy class.)
10.A : Was it foggy yesterday?
B : No, It wasn’t (It wasn’t foggy yesterday.)
11.A : Will you be at home tonight?
B : No, I won’t ( I won’t be at home tonight.)
12.A : Is Jason going to be at work tomorrow?
B : No, He isn’t (Jason isn’t going to be at work tomorrow.)
Latihan 5
1.A : Where / What time did you get up this morning?
B : At 7:30. (I got up at 7:30 this morning.)
2.A : Where did you eat lunch today?
B : At the cafetaria. (I ate lunch at tge cafeteria today.)
3.A : When / What time you eat lunch?
B : At 12:15. (I ate lunch at 12:15.)
4.A : Why are you eat lunch at the cafeteria?
B : Because the food is good. (I eat lunch at the cafeteria because the food is good.)
5.A : Where did your Aunt and Uncle live?
B : In Chicago. (My aunt and uncle live n Chicago.)
6.A : When are you going to visit your aunt and uncle?
B : Next week. (I’m going to visit my aunt and uncle next week.)
7.A : What time will you get home tonight ?
B : Around six. (I’ll get home around six tonight.)
8.A : Where will george going to study tonight?
B : At the library. (George is going to study at the library tonight.)
9.A : Why George studies at the library ?
B : Because it’s quiet. (George studies at the library because it’s quiet.)
10.A : Where can catch a bus ?
B : At that corner. (You can catch a bus at that corner.)
11.A : When / What time you have to leave ?
B : Ten O’clock. (I have to leave at ten o’clock.)
12.A : Where was you live in 1988 ?
B : In Japan. (I was living in Japan in 1988.)
Nama Kelompok :
1. Ellyana Utami 19210379
2. Elza Jelita 12210357
3. Citra Restu Anggari 11210618
Kelas :
1EA05
Rabu, 13 April 2011
MANAGEMENT ROLE
In addition to broad categories of management functions, managers at various managerial levels of hierarchy to fill different roles. This role is categorized by the researcher Henry Mintzberg, and they can be grouped into three main types: decisional, interpersonal, and information.
ROLE decisional
decisional roles require managers to plan strategy and utilize resources. There are four specific roles that decisional. Role of employers require managers to assign resources to develop innovative goods and services, or to develop business. Most of this role will be hosted by top-level managers, although middle managers can be given some ability to make a decision. Disturbance handler corrects problems encountered an unexpected environmental organizations from internal or external. Managers at all levels to take on this role. For example, the first-line managers to fix problems stopping the assembly line or middle managers may try to cope with the aftermath of a store robbery. Top managers are more likely to face a major crisis, such as requiring the withdrawal of defective products. Third decisional role, namely allocator of resources, determine which involves working unit that will get resources. Top managers tend to make large, the overall budget decisions, while middle mangers can make a more specific allocation. In some organizations, managers supervisors are responsible for determining allocations to increase employee salaries. Finally, negotiators work with others, such as suppliers, distributors, or trade union, to reach agreement on products and services. First-level managers to negotiate with employees on issues of salary increases or overtime hours, or they may work with other supervisory manager when needed resources should be shared. Middle managers also negotiate with other managers and tend to work to secure the desired price from suppliers and distributors.Top managers negotiate on issues more, such as employment contract, or even mergers and acquisitions of other companies.
INTERPERSONAL ROLES
interpersonal role requires a manager to direct and supervise employees and organizations. These dolls are usually an upper middle managers. These managers can communicate with future organizational goals or ethical guidelines for employees with company meetings. A leader acts as an example for other employees to follow, giving orders and direction to subordinates, make decisions, and mobilize support for employees. Managers must be leaders at all levels of the organization; low-level managers often look to top management for an example of leadership. In a liaison role, the manger must coordinate the work of others in different work units, build alliances, among others, and work to share resources. This role is very important for middle managers, who often must compete with other managers to important resources, but must maintain a successful working relationship with them for long periods of time.
ROLE OF INFORMATION
Informational roles are those in which the managers get and send information. This role has changed dramatically as technology has improved. The monitor evaluates the performance of others and take corrective action to improve that performance. Monitor also oversees environmental changes and in the company which can affect the performance of individuals and organizations. Monitoring occurs at all levels of management, although managers at a higher level of organization is more likely to monitor the external threats to the environment than the middle or first line manager.Disseminator role requires that the manager told employees that the changes affecting them and the organization. They also communicate the vision and objectives.
Managers at every level of disseminating information to people below them, and much of this information natural dripping from top to bottom. Finally, a spokesman for communicating with the external environment, from corporate advertising goods and services, to inform the public about the direction of the organization. Spokesmen for major announcements, such as changes in strategic direction, it is likely to become a top manager. But other, more routine information can be provided by managers at all levels of the company. For example, a middle manager can provide press releases to local newspapers, supervisors or managers to give presentations at community meetings.
The Role of Human Resource Management
Human resource management (HRM) is a function associated with mewujudnya specific results through people. This means that human resources are important and dominant role in management.
HRM personnel organize and establish a program that covers the following issues:
Set the quantity, quality and effective workforce penempatkan accordance with the needs of companies based on job description, job specification, job requirements, and job evaluations.
Define withdrawal, selection, and placement of employees based on the principle of the right man in the right place and the right man in the right job.
Enact welfare programs, development, promotion and dismissal
Forecast the demand and supply of human resources in the future
Estimating the state of the economy in general and enterprise development in particular.
Carefully monitor the labor laws and policies providing fringe benefits similar companies
Monitoring the progress of engineering and development of labor unions
Implement education, training and employee performance appraisals
Manage employee mutation both vertical and horizontal
Set retirement, dismissal and severance
The role of HRM is recognized very decisive for the realization of goals, but to lead the human element is very difficult and complicated.
Human labor than capable, competent, and skilled, and not least their willingness and sincerity to work effectively and efficiently. Employee capabilities and skills is less meaningful if not followed morale and discipline employees in realizing the goal.
Nama Kelompok :
1. Citra restu anggari (11210618)
2. Ellyana utami (19210379)
3. Elza jelita (12210357)
Kelas : 1EA05
Tugas B.Inggris
ROLE decisional
decisional roles require managers to plan strategy and utilize resources. There are four specific roles that decisional. Role of employers require managers to assign resources to develop innovative goods and services, or to develop business. Most of this role will be hosted by top-level managers, although middle managers can be given some ability to make a decision. Disturbance handler corrects problems encountered an unexpected environmental organizations from internal or external. Managers at all levels to take on this role. For example, the first-line managers to fix problems stopping the assembly line or middle managers may try to cope with the aftermath of a store robbery. Top managers are more likely to face a major crisis, such as requiring the withdrawal of defective products. Third decisional role, namely allocator of resources, determine which involves working unit that will get resources. Top managers tend to make large, the overall budget decisions, while middle mangers can make a more specific allocation. In some organizations, managers supervisors are responsible for determining allocations to increase employee salaries. Finally, negotiators work with others, such as suppliers, distributors, or trade union, to reach agreement on products and services. First-level managers to negotiate with employees on issues of salary increases or overtime hours, or they may work with other supervisory manager when needed resources should be shared. Middle managers also negotiate with other managers and tend to work to secure the desired price from suppliers and distributors.Top managers negotiate on issues more, such as employment contract, or even mergers and acquisitions of other companies.
INTERPERSONAL ROLES
interpersonal role requires a manager to direct and supervise employees and organizations. These dolls are usually an upper middle managers. These managers can communicate with future organizational goals or ethical guidelines for employees with company meetings. A leader acts as an example for other employees to follow, giving orders and direction to subordinates, make decisions, and mobilize support for employees. Managers must be leaders at all levels of the organization; low-level managers often look to top management for an example of leadership. In a liaison role, the manger must coordinate the work of others in different work units, build alliances, among others, and work to share resources. This role is very important for middle managers, who often must compete with other managers to important resources, but must maintain a successful working relationship with them for long periods of time.
ROLE OF INFORMATION
Informational roles are those in which the managers get and send information. This role has changed dramatically as technology has improved. The monitor evaluates the performance of others and take corrective action to improve that performance. Monitor also oversees environmental changes and in the company which can affect the performance of individuals and organizations. Monitoring occurs at all levels of management, although managers at a higher level of organization is more likely to monitor the external threats to the environment than the middle or first line manager.Disseminator role requires that the manager told employees that the changes affecting them and the organization. They also communicate the vision and objectives.
Managers at every level of disseminating information to people below them, and much of this information natural dripping from top to bottom. Finally, a spokesman for communicating with the external environment, from corporate advertising goods and services, to inform the public about the direction of the organization. Spokesmen for major announcements, such as changes in strategic direction, it is likely to become a top manager. But other, more routine information can be provided by managers at all levels of the company. For example, a middle manager can provide press releases to local newspapers, supervisors or managers to give presentations at community meetings.
The Role of Human Resource Management
Human resource management (HRM) is a function associated with mewujudnya specific results through people. This means that human resources are important and dominant role in management.
HRM personnel organize and establish a program that covers the following issues:
Set the quantity, quality and effective workforce penempatkan accordance with the needs of companies based on job description, job specification, job requirements, and job evaluations.
Define withdrawal, selection, and placement of employees based on the principle of the right man in the right place and the right man in the right job.
Enact welfare programs, development, promotion and dismissal
Forecast the demand and supply of human resources in the future
Estimating the state of the economy in general and enterprise development in particular.
Carefully monitor the labor laws and policies providing fringe benefits similar companies
Monitoring the progress of engineering and development of labor unions
Implement education, training and employee performance appraisals
Manage employee mutation both vertical and horizontal
Set retirement, dismissal and severance
The role of HRM is recognized very decisive for the realization of goals, but to lead the human element is very difficult and complicated.
Human labor than capable, competent, and skilled, and not least their willingness and sincerity to work effectively and efficiently. Employee capabilities and skills is less meaningful if not followed morale and discipline employees in realizing the goal.
Nama Kelompok :
1. Citra restu anggari (11210618)
2. Ellyana utami (19210379)
3. Elza jelita (12210357)
Kelas : 1EA05
Tugas B.Inggris
Rabu, 16 Maret 2011
Universitas Gunadama merupakan universitas terkemuka yang berada di indonesia.kampus Gunadarma tersebar di kalimalang , salemba dan juga depok. di depok sendiri terdapat empat kampus ada D,E,G, dan H .
kampus H khusus untuk kegiatan praktikum. di sana terdapat laboratorium fisika dan Ilab. Komputer di sana sudah bagus monitor nya tidak memakai yg cebung tapi layar datar dan banyak pula koputerya, :). terus halaman dari kampus H juga sangat luas seperti taman. hehe
Kalau di kampus E yang letaknya nggak jauh dari kampus H ada 5 gedung ada masjid juga terus ada yang buat panjat tebing. hhe , Di kampus E tempat parkiran motor nya unik arsitektur nya bagus kayak parkiran di mall-mall. :D
Di kampus E dulu tempat pertama kali ospek.
Di kampus D terdapat BAAK yang berfungsi buat melayani mahasiswanya letak nya bersapingan dengan gedung 4 dan masjid.
masjid yang ada di kampus D enak banget buat beristrahat melepas lelah habis belajar kadang kalau habis shlat trus duduk di sana bawaan nya ngantuk. hehe ,
Kalau di kampus G ,kampus yang paling ujung habis lampu merah ada bank DKI nya , intinya sih setiap kampus yang ada di depok punya kelebihan masing-masing . :)
Sekian . . .
kampus H khusus untuk kegiatan praktikum. di sana terdapat laboratorium fisika dan Ilab. Komputer di sana sudah bagus monitor nya tidak memakai yg cebung tapi layar datar dan banyak pula koputerya, :). terus halaman dari kampus H juga sangat luas seperti taman. hehe
Kalau di kampus E yang letaknya nggak jauh dari kampus H ada 5 gedung ada masjid juga terus ada yang buat panjat tebing. hhe , Di kampus E tempat parkiran motor nya unik arsitektur nya bagus kayak parkiran di mall-mall. :D
Di kampus E dulu tempat pertama kali ospek.
Di kampus D terdapat BAAK yang berfungsi buat melayani mahasiswanya letak nya bersapingan dengan gedung 4 dan masjid.
masjid yang ada di kampus D enak banget buat beristrahat melepas lelah habis belajar kadang kalau habis shlat trus duduk di sana bawaan nya ngantuk. hehe ,
Kalau di kampus G ,kampus yang paling ujung habis lampu merah ada bank DKI nya , intinya sih setiap kampus yang ada di depok punya kelebihan masing-masing . :)
Sekian . . .
Jumat, 12 November 2010
Manusia dan Masalah nya
Sepanjang hidupnya, seorang manusia pasti pernah berhadapan dengan yang namanya “masalah”, apakah berupa adanya kesenjangan atau adanya sesuatu yang harus dicarikan jalan keluarnya.
Masalah memang menjadi bagian dari hidup manusia. Jika seorang manusia memiliki masalah artinya dia sedang di uji.
Dengan adanya masalah kepribadian seseorang justru akan semakin berkembang melalui usaha belajar.
Masalah manusia sesungguhnya amat beragam, baik dilihat segi jenis, ukuran dan sifat maupun ruang lingkupnya. Ada masalah yang tergolong berat-ringan, besar-kecil, personal-umum, sederhana-kompleks, disadari tidak disadari, dan sebagainya.
Bagi seseorang, sesuatu itu bisa saja dianggap masalah, sementara bagi orang lain bukan masalah, atau sebaliknya. Demikian juga, bagi seseorang sesuatu itu merupakan masalah kecil atau ringan, tetapi dipersepsi dan dimaknainya sebagai suatu masalah yang berat dan besar atau justru sebaliknya.
Dalam menyelesaikan suatu masalah jangan lah menggunakan fisik seperti berkelahi dan bertengkar ,bicarakanlah masalah nya baik-baik dengan kepala dingin karena kalau menyelesaikan nya menggunakan emosi bukan nya malah menyelesaikan masalah tetapi malah menambah masalah.
jadi sebenar nya masalah yang di hadapi oleh manusia itu merupakan tantangan untuk melatih diri kita sendiri ...
Masalah memang menjadi bagian dari hidup manusia. Jika seorang manusia memiliki masalah artinya dia sedang di uji.
Dengan adanya masalah kepribadian seseorang justru akan semakin berkembang melalui usaha belajar.
Masalah manusia sesungguhnya amat beragam, baik dilihat segi jenis, ukuran dan sifat maupun ruang lingkupnya. Ada masalah yang tergolong berat-ringan, besar-kecil, personal-umum, sederhana-kompleks, disadari tidak disadari, dan sebagainya.
Bagi seseorang, sesuatu itu bisa saja dianggap masalah, sementara bagi orang lain bukan masalah, atau sebaliknya. Demikian juga, bagi seseorang sesuatu itu merupakan masalah kecil atau ringan, tetapi dipersepsi dan dimaknainya sebagai suatu masalah yang berat dan besar atau justru sebaliknya.
Dalam menyelesaikan suatu masalah jangan lah menggunakan fisik seperti berkelahi dan bertengkar ,bicarakanlah masalah nya baik-baik dengan kepala dingin karena kalau menyelesaikan nya menggunakan emosi bukan nya malah menyelesaikan masalah tetapi malah menambah masalah.
jadi sebenar nya masalah yang di hadapi oleh manusia itu merupakan tantangan untuk melatih diri kita sendiri ...
Jumat, 29 Oktober 2010
Studentsite
Analisis Studentsite .
studentsite adalah fasilitas web untuk membantu mahasiswa Gunadarma tentang perkuliahan dan dapat memberi informasi tentang kegiatan-kegiatan yang ada di universitas Gunadarma .
Fitur-fitur yang ada di studentsite ada berbagai macam seperti beranda ,e-mail ,calender ,addressbook ,infolog ,filemanager ,forum ,bookmarks ,polls .
1.beranda : tampilan awal setelah login yg berisi pengumuman dan kalender akademik .
2.e-mail : berfungsi untuk mengirim email/mengirim tugas .
3.calender : untuk mengetahui tanggal sekarang.
4.addressbook : berfungsi menyimpan alamat nama e-mail dan nomor telephon teman-teman kita.
5.infolog : bisa berisi info tentang si pengguna .
6.filemanager : kita bisa menyimpan file-file yang kita ingin kan .
7.forum : seperti info/comment-comment tentang perkumpulan yang ada di universitas Gunadarma.
8.bookmarks : alamat-alamat url yang menjadi favorite kita.
9.polls : berisi tentang pendapat-pendapat .
Kelebihan dari studentsite : kita bisa mengetahui info-info yang terbaru dari gunadarma tanpa harus pergi ke kampus dan bisa juga mengirim tugas pada dosen melalui studentsite ini .
Kekurangan studentsite : Terkadang kalau siang hari pada saat ingin login ke studentsite suka tidak bisa masuk jadi seperti eror.
http://studentsite.gunadarma.ac.id
studentsite adalah fasilitas web untuk membantu mahasiswa Gunadarma tentang perkuliahan dan dapat memberi informasi tentang kegiatan-kegiatan yang ada di universitas Gunadarma .
Fitur-fitur yang ada di studentsite ada berbagai macam seperti beranda ,e-mail ,calender ,addressbook ,infolog ,filemanager ,forum ,bookmarks ,polls .
1.beranda : tampilan awal setelah login yg berisi pengumuman dan kalender akademik .
2.e-mail : berfungsi untuk mengirim email/mengirim tugas .
3.calender : untuk mengetahui tanggal sekarang.
4.addressbook : berfungsi menyimpan alamat nama e-mail dan nomor telephon teman-teman kita.
5.infolog : bisa berisi info tentang si pengguna .
6.filemanager : kita bisa menyimpan file-file yang kita ingin kan .
7.forum : seperti info/comment-comment tentang perkumpulan yang ada di universitas Gunadarma.
8.bookmarks : alamat-alamat url yang menjadi favorite kita.
9.polls : berisi tentang pendapat-pendapat .
Kelebihan dari studentsite : kita bisa mengetahui info-info yang terbaru dari gunadarma tanpa harus pergi ke kampus dan bisa juga mengirim tugas pada dosen melalui studentsite ini .
Kekurangan studentsite : Terkadang kalau siang hari pada saat ingin login ke studentsite suka tidak bisa masuk jadi seperti eror.
http://studentsite.gunadarma.ac.id
Senin, 27 September 2010
kebudayaan Jawa Tengah
SENI BUDAYA JAWA TENGAH
Disini saya akan menceritakan sedikit kebudayaan jawa tengah yang saya ketahui .
Kebudayaan Jawa merupakan salah satu sosok kebudayaan yang tua. Kebudayaan Jawa mengakar di Jawa Tengah bermula dari kebudayaan nenek moyang yang bermukim di tepian Sungai Bengawan Solo pada ribuan tahun sebelum Masehi. Bengawan Solo bukan hanya terkenal dengan lagu ciptaan Gesang akan tetapi lebih daripada itu lembahnya terkenal sebagai tempat dimana banyak sekali diketemukan fosil dan peninggalan awal sejarah kehidupan di atas bumi ini.
Manusia dan kebudayaan merupakan suatu kesatuan yang erat sekali. Kedua-duanya tidak mungkin dipisahkan. Ada manusia ada kebudayaan, tidak akan ada kebudayaan jika tidak ada pendukungnya, yaitu manusia. Akan tetapi manusia itu hidupnya tidak berapa lama, ia lalu mati. Maka untuk melangsungkan kebudayaan, pendukungnya harus lebih dari satu orang, bahkan harus lebih dari satu turunan. Jadi harus diteruskan kepada anak cucu keturunan selanjutnya.
Di kebudayaan jawa juga sangat kental akan adat-adat yang di junjung nenek moyang terdahulu .
Seperti masih sering di adakan sesajen-sesajen untuk arwah leluhur pada hari-hari tertentu yang di keramat kan ,dan biasanya mereka juga mempunyai tempat-tempat khusus untuk bersemedi.
Dan perkawinan budaya jawa cukup kental akan adat nya ,seperti pihak wanita dianjurkan untuk mutihan .
Yaitu makan-makanan yg putih/tidak ada rasanya seperti nasi saja .
Kebudayaan Jawa klasik yang keagungannya diakui oleh dunia internasional dapat dilihat pada sejumlah warisan sejarah yang berupa : candi, stupa, bahasa, sastra, kesenian dan adat istiadat. Candi Borobudur di dekat Magelang, candi Mendut, candi Pawon, Candi Prambanan di dekat Klaten, candi Dieng, candi Gedongsongo dan candi Sukuh merupakan warisan kebudayaan masa silam yang tak ternilai harganya. Teks-teks sastra yang terpahat di batu-batu prasasti, tergores di daun lontar dan tertulis di kitab-kitab merupakan khasanah sastra Jawa klasik yang hingga kini tidak habis-habisnya dikaji para ilmuwan. Ada pula warisan kebudayaan yang bermutu tinggi dalam wujud seni tari, seni musik, seni rupa, seni pedalangan,seni bangunan (arsitektur), seni busana, adat istiadat, dsbnya.
Masyarakat Jawa Tengah sebagai ahli waris kebudayaan Jawa klasik bukanlah masyarakat yang homogen atau sewarna, melainkan sebuah masyarakat besar yang mekar dalam keanekaragaman budaya. Hal itu tercermin pada tumbuhnya wilayah-wilayah budaya yang pada pokoknya terdiri atas wilayah budaya Negarigung, wilayah budaya Banyumasan dan wilayah budaya Pesisiran.
Wilayah budaya Negarigung yang mencakup daerah Surakarta – Yogyakarta dan sekitarnya merupakan wilayah budaya yang bergayutan dengan tradisikraton(Surakarta dan Yogyakarta). Wilayah budaya Banyumasan menjangkau daerah Banyumas, Kedu dan Bagelen. Sedangkan wilayah budaya pesisiran meliputi daerah Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah yang memanjang dari Timur ke Barat.
Keragaman budaya tersebut merupakan kondisi dasar yang menguntungkan bagi mekarnya kreatifitas cipta, ras dan karsa yang terwujud pada sikap budaya.
Di daerah Jawa Tengah segala macam bidang seni tumbuh dan berkembang dengan baik, dan hal ini dapat kita saksikan pada peninggalan-peninggalan yang ada sekarang.
Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang merupakan satu dari sepuluh DTW (Daerah Tujuan Wisata) di Indonesia dapat dengan mudah dijangkau dari segala penjuru, baik darat, laut maupun udara. Provinsi ini telah melewati sejarah yang panjang, dari jaman purba hingga sekarang.
Dalam usaha memperkenalkan daerah Jawa Tengah yang kaya budaya dan potensi alamnya, Provinsi Jawa Tengah sebagaimana provinsi-provinsi lain di Indonesia, mempunyai anjungan daerah di Taman Mini “Indonesia Indah” yang juga disebut “Anjungan Jawa Tengah”. Anjungan Jawa Tengah Taman Mini “Indonesia Indah” merupakan “show window” dari daerah Jawa Tengah.
Anjungan Jawa Tengah di Taman Mini “Indonesia Indah” dibangun untuk membawakan wajah budaya dan pembangunan Jawa Tengah pada umunya. Bangunan induk beserta bangunan lain di seputarnya secara keseluruhan merupakan kompleks perumahan yang dinamakan “Padepokan Jawa Tengah”, yang berarsitektur Jawa asli.
Bangunan induknya berupa “Pendopo Agung”, tiruan dari Pendopo
Disini saya akan menceritakan sedikit kebudayaan jawa tengah yang saya ketahui .
Kebudayaan Jawa merupakan salah satu sosok kebudayaan yang tua. Kebudayaan Jawa mengakar di Jawa Tengah bermula dari kebudayaan nenek moyang yang bermukim di tepian Sungai Bengawan Solo pada ribuan tahun sebelum Masehi. Bengawan Solo bukan hanya terkenal dengan lagu ciptaan Gesang akan tetapi lebih daripada itu lembahnya terkenal sebagai tempat dimana banyak sekali diketemukan fosil dan peninggalan awal sejarah kehidupan di atas bumi ini.
Manusia dan kebudayaan merupakan suatu kesatuan yang erat sekali. Kedua-duanya tidak mungkin dipisahkan. Ada manusia ada kebudayaan, tidak akan ada kebudayaan jika tidak ada pendukungnya, yaitu manusia. Akan tetapi manusia itu hidupnya tidak berapa lama, ia lalu mati. Maka untuk melangsungkan kebudayaan, pendukungnya harus lebih dari satu orang, bahkan harus lebih dari satu turunan. Jadi harus diteruskan kepada anak cucu keturunan selanjutnya.
Di kebudayaan jawa juga sangat kental akan adat-adat yang di junjung nenek moyang terdahulu .
Seperti masih sering di adakan sesajen-sesajen untuk arwah leluhur pada hari-hari tertentu yang di keramat kan ,dan biasanya mereka juga mempunyai tempat-tempat khusus untuk bersemedi.
Dan perkawinan budaya jawa cukup kental akan adat nya ,seperti pihak wanita dianjurkan untuk mutihan .
Yaitu makan-makanan yg putih/tidak ada rasanya seperti nasi saja .
Kebudayaan Jawa klasik yang keagungannya diakui oleh dunia internasional dapat dilihat pada sejumlah warisan sejarah yang berupa : candi, stupa, bahasa, sastra, kesenian dan adat istiadat. Candi Borobudur di dekat Magelang, candi Mendut, candi Pawon, Candi Prambanan di dekat Klaten, candi Dieng, candi Gedongsongo dan candi Sukuh merupakan warisan kebudayaan masa silam yang tak ternilai harganya. Teks-teks sastra yang terpahat di batu-batu prasasti, tergores di daun lontar dan tertulis di kitab-kitab merupakan khasanah sastra Jawa klasik yang hingga kini tidak habis-habisnya dikaji para ilmuwan. Ada pula warisan kebudayaan yang bermutu tinggi dalam wujud seni tari, seni musik, seni rupa, seni pedalangan,seni bangunan (arsitektur), seni busana, adat istiadat, dsbnya.
Masyarakat Jawa Tengah sebagai ahli waris kebudayaan Jawa klasik bukanlah masyarakat yang homogen atau sewarna, melainkan sebuah masyarakat besar yang mekar dalam keanekaragaman budaya. Hal itu tercermin pada tumbuhnya wilayah-wilayah budaya yang pada pokoknya terdiri atas wilayah budaya Negarigung, wilayah budaya Banyumasan dan wilayah budaya Pesisiran.
Wilayah budaya Negarigung yang mencakup daerah Surakarta – Yogyakarta dan sekitarnya merupakan wilayah budaya yang bergayutan dengan tradisikraton(Surakarta dan Yogyakarta). Wilayah budaya Banyumasan menjangkau daerah Banyumas, Kedu dan Bagelen. Sedangkan wilayah budaya pesisiran meliputi daerah Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah yang memanjang dari Timur ke Barat.
Keragaman budaya tersebut merupakan kondisi dasar yang menguntungkan bagi mekarnya kreatifitas cipta, ras dan karsa yang terwujud pada sikap budaya.
Di daerah Jawa Tengah segala macam bidang seni tumbuh dan berkembang dengan baik, dan hal ini dapat kita saksikan pada peninggalan-peninggalan yang ada sekarang.
Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang merupakan satu dari sepuluh DTW (Daerah Tujuan Wisata) di Indonesia dapat dengan mudah dijangkau dari segala penjuru, baik darat, laut maupun udara. Provinsi ini telah melewati sejarah yang panjang, dari jaman purba hingga sekarang.
Dalam usaha memperkenalkan daerah Jawa Tengah yang kaya budaya dan potensi alamnya, Provinsi Jawa Tengah sebagaimana provinsi-provinsi lain di Indonesia, mempunyai anjungan daerah di Taman Mini “Indonesia Indah” yang juga disebut “Anjungan Jawa Tengah”. Anjungan Jawa Tengah Taman Mini “Indonesia Indah” merupakan “show window” dari daerah Jawa Tengah.
Anjungan Jawa Tengah di Taman Mini “Indonesia Indah” dibangun untuk membawakan wajah budaya dan pembangunan Jawa Tengah pada umunya. Bangunan induk beserta bangunan lain di seputarnya secara keseluruhan merupakan kompleks perumahan yang dinamakan “Padepokan Jawa Tengah”, yang berarsitektur Jawa asli.
Bangunan induknya berupa “Pendopo Agung”, tiruan dari Pendopo
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